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The resource governor is a feature in SQL Server that plays a crucial role in managing and controlling the resource consumption of SQL Server workloads. By using the resource governor, database administrators can specify limits on CPU, memory, and other resource usage for different workloads or users. This is especially important in environments where multiple applications or users may compete for server resources, as it helps to ensure that no single workload can monopolize the server's capabilities, leading to performance degradation for others.

By establishing resource pools and workload groups, the resource governor allows administrators to categorize requests based on their resource requirements and assign them to specific pools where limitations can be enforced. This functionality is essential for maintaining performance levels, ensuring system stability, and adhering to service level agreements (SLAs).

While other options mentioned, such as enforcing data security or optimizing query performance, are important features or functions in SQL Server, they are not the primary purpose of the resource governor. The focus of this tool is explicitly on limiting and allocating resource consumption among various requests and workloads, making it a key aspect of resource management in SQL Server.